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Macroadenoma cervical palpable. Una presentación muy inusual de hiperparatiroidismo primario / Cervical macroadenoma causing hyperparathyroidism. Report of one case

Fuente
Este artículo es originalmente publicado en:
De:
Rev Med Chil. 2015 Mar;143(3):396-400. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872015000300017.
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Creative Commons License All the contents of this journal, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License

We report a 59-year-old man with a history of hypertension, recurrent renal stones and a severe hypercalcemia of 14.9 mg/dl with a serum phosphorus of 2.4 mg/dl and a serum albumin of 3.6 g/dl. Physical examination showed a 4 cm left cervical nodule, consistent with the diagnosis of thyroid nodule. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were 844 pg/mL (normal 15-65 pg/ml) and a cervical ultrasound examination disclosed a solid nodule in the lower left lobe of 40 x 30 x 25 mm, adjacent to the thyroid parenchyma. Abdominal ultrasound revealed bilateral renal stones. Parathyroid scintigraphy showed a high uptake of the left lower parathyroid mass and a bone densitometry showed bone density t scores of -1.2 in the spine, -2.0 in the right femoral neck and -3.5 in the distal radius. A review of his medical record revealed the presence of hypercalcemia for at least 4 years. He was admitted for hydration and administration of 4 mg zoledronic acid iv. At 24 hours, serum calcium dropped to 11.0 mg/dl, and a left thyroid lobectomy was performed including the lower left parathyroid gland. The pathology report showed a 22.6 g parathyroid adenoma. Intraoperatory PTH descended > 50%, consistent with successful parathyroidectomy. At 7 days after surgery serum calcium was 8.8 mg/dl, phosphorus 2.1 mg/dl, alkaline phosphatase 166 U/L, albumin 3.9 g/dL, PTH 230 pg/ml and 25-OH vitamin D 12.4 ng/ml. This finding was interpreted as secondary hyperparathyroidism due to vitamin D deficiency and “hungry bone”, being less likely the presence of residual or metastatic parathyroid tissue. A cholecalciferol load was administered, with significant descent of PTH.

Key words: Hypercalcemia; Hyperparathyroidism, primary; Parathyroid neoplasms.


 

El hiperparatiroidismo primario (HPT 1º) es una patología frecuente (22-64 casos x 100.000 habitantes/año) y cuya forma de presentación más prevalente en la actualidad es la asintomática (80%)1,2. Nuestro objetivo es presentar un caso muy inusual de hiperparatiroidismo primario debido a un macroadenoma paratiroideo palpable, de larga evolución y discutir las posibilidades diagnósticas en casos como el presente.